Paleontology
- Introduction
- Systematic Descriptions
- Taxonomic Remarks
- Fossil Reports
- Formal and Informal Scientific Names
- Abbreviation of Scientific Names
- Author Citation
- New Genus, New Species
- Open Nomenclature
- Documentation in Publications and Reports
- Notes for Format of Publications
- Latin Terms and Abbreviations
- Glossary
- Selected Bibliography
| Abbreviation | Latin term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| aff. | affinis | having affinity with but not identical with |
| auct. | auctorum | of authors |
| auct. non | auctorum non | (botanical) not of authors -- to follow the citation of a misidentified taxon |
| cf. | confer | compare |
| comb. nov. | combinatio nova | new combination |
| emend. | emendavit | emended, altered, corrected |
| emendatus, -a, -um | emended | |
| et al. | et alii | and others |
| ex aff. | ex affinis | of affinity |
| excl. var. | exclusa varietate | by the excluded variety |
| exclusis varietatibus | by the excluded varieties | |
| ex gr. | ex grege | from the herd, of the group |
| ex par. | ex parte | on one side |
| f. | forma | form (a morphological term); a rank of infraspecific taxa (ICBN) |
| fide | by faith or trusting in (source) | |
| gen. et sp. nov. | genus (novum) et species novum | new genus and new species |
| gen. nov. | genus novum | new genus (see also n. gen.) |
| ibid. | ibidem | in the same place (i.e. page or figure reference to a journal or volume) |
| indet. | indeterminatus, -a, -um | cannot be, or has not been, determined |
| in litt. | in litteris | in letters, correspondence (written comm. may also be used) |
| incertae sedis | of a taxon: of uncertain position | |
| lapsus calami | an error made through carelessness in writing ('slip of the reed') | |
| loc. cit. | loco citato | in the place cited (publication and page). Contrast 'op. cit.', in which publication alone is cited |
| mihi | belonging to me (as a new species) | |
| nob. | nobis | to us (as a new species) |
| nom. cons. | nomen conservandum | a name to be or should be preserved |
| nomen conservatum | a preserved name | |
| nom. dub. | nomen dubium | (ICZN) a name representing a taxon for which the original diagnosis or type material is inadequate to permit its subsequent recognition (pl. nomina dubia) |
| nom. nov. | nomen novum | new name (pl. nomina nova) |
| nom. nud. | nomen nudum | a name without a designation (i.e. without indication, description, or definition), therefore invalid (pl. nomina nuda) |
| non | not | |
| n. comb. | new combination | |
| n. gen. | new genus (see also gen. nov.) | |
| n. sp. | new species (see also sp. nov.) | |
| op. cit. | opere citato | in the work, article cited (no page reference) |
| part. | partim | in part |
| pars | a part of a whole | |
| q.v. | quod vide | which see |
| s.f. | sensu forma | in the form (taxonomy) sense |
| s.l. | sensu lato | in the broad sense |
| s.s. | sensu stricto | in the strict (narrow) sense |
| sic | thus (to indicate an exact transcription, including errors) | |
| sp. | species | species (singular) |
| spp. | species | species (plural) |
| ssp. | subspecies (see also subsp.) | |
| sp. indet. | species indeterminata | species indeterminate (cannot be, or has not been, determined) |
| sp. nov. | species nova | new species (see also n. sp.) |
| subgen., subg. | subgenus | |
| subsp. | subspecies (see also ssp.) | |
| sup. | supra | above |
| supra cit. | supra citato | cited above |
| typus; typicus, -a, -um | typical or type species of a genus | |
| v. | vida | indicates the author has viewed the type material (pl. vidimus) |
| var. | varietas | variety (as for subdivision of a species); a rank of infraspecific taxa (ICBN) |
See also imprint date in the 'Reference' section.