Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Profile Extrusion Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling, (5) Compressed Air, (A) Exhaust Air. At the top of the image, a broken arrow leads from the centre above the main illustration and sharply to the right, below an image of a propeller (1). From the propeller a broken arrow leads to Local Exhaust Hood to Atmosphere (A). Main illustration: Motor (1) > Gear Box > ([Raw Material Feed, Reground Material from Process >] > Feed >) (Vent for Gas and Water Vapour <) Extruder with Die on right end (< Heating [1])(< Cooling [3])> Extrudate (Cooling Bath)(< Cooling[3]) > through the Puller (1) > Cut-off Equipment (1 or 5) > Extruded Product.
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Injection-Moulding Process. . The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling, (7) Hydraulic Pressure, (A) Exhaust Air. At the top of the image, a broken arrow leads from the centre above the main illustration and sharply to the right, below an image of a propeller (1). From the propeller a broken arrow leads to Local Exhaust Hood to Atmosphere (A). Main illustration: Hydraulic Motor (7) > ([Raw Material Feed, Reground Material from Process >] > Feed >)(Hydraulic Ram [7]) Injection Unit (< Heating [1])(< Cooling [3])> Mould (Platten on either side of Mould [< (7) to open/close Mould]) (< Cooling [3])(< Power for Hot Runner Moulds [1]) > Moulded Product ejected.
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Flat-Film or Sheet-Extrusion Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling, (A) Exhaust Air. At the top of the image, a broken arrow leads from the centre above the main illustration and sharply to the right, below an image of a propeller (1). From the propeller a broken arrow leads to Local Exhaust Hood to Atmosphere (A). Main illustration: Motor (Electricity [1]) > Gear Box > ([Raw Material Feed >] > Feed >) (Vent for Gas and Water Vapour <) Extruder (< Heating [1])(< Cooling [3])> Die > Chill Rollers (< 1 and 3) > Winder (1).
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Blown-Film Extrusion Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling, (5) Compressed Air, (A) Exhaust Air. At the top of the image, a broken arrow leads from the centre above the main illustration and sharply to the right, below an image of a propeller (1). From the propeller a broken arrow leads to Local Exhaust Hood to Atmosphere (A). Main illustration: Motor (Electricity [1]) > Gear Box > ([Raw Material Feed >] > Feed >) (Vent for Gas and Water Vapour <) Extruder (< Heating [1])(< Cooling [3])> (Compressed Air for Inflating [5] >) Die (< Cooling Ring [3])(< High Volume Low Pressure Fan [1]) > Bubble > Winder (1).
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Blow-Moulding Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (2) Thermal Oil, (3) Cooling, (5) Compressed Air, (7) Hydraulic Power, (A) Exhaust Air. At the top of the image, a broken arrow leads from the centre above the main illustration and sharply to the right, below an image of a propeller (1). From the propeller a broken arrow leads to Local Exhaust Hood to Atmosphere (A). Main illustration: Motor (1) > Gear Box > ([Raw Material Feed From Dryer or Blender >] [(Process Scrap Grinder [1] >) Recycled Material >] > Feed >) (Vent for Gas and Water Vapour <) Extruder (< Heating [1] or [2])(< Cooling [2] or [3]) >(< Separate Hydraulic System to Control Tip) Parison > Transport Powered by Electricity or Hydraulics / Hydraulics for Mould Clamping (7) > (Compressed Air [5] >) Shuttle or Rotary Moulds (< Cooling Water [3])> Transport > Mould Removal and De-Flashing (< Compressed Air [5]).
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Compression-Moulding Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (2) Thermal Oil, (5) Compressed Air, (6) Steam, (7) Hydraulic Power. A diagram appears as follows: Controlled Material Amount > Water Loading > (Open/Close Mould Eject Parts [7] >) Mould (< Heating [1] or [2] or [6]) > Further Processing < (1)(5).
Resource Consumption and Emission Points in the Foam-Moulding Process. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling, (5) Compressed Air, (7) Hydraulic Power, (8) Solvent, (B) Spent Solvent, (*) Depends on Material, (**) Only With High Pressure Process, (***) Only with Low Pressure Shot Process. A diagram appears as follows: (1) > Agitator(*) > (Pressurization [*][5] >) Material Supply (< Heating [*][1]) > Metering Pump controlled by Variable Frequency Drive (1) > (Cooling [**] >) Heat Exchanger > (from mid point along this process flow arrow, a broken arrow points up and then to a 90 degree angle to the left: Recirculation Back to Tank For Shot Process) > For Low Pressure Systems Only (1) or (7) > Mixing Head (< Hydraulics for Mould Opening/Closing on High Pressure Systems [7]) (< [5] To Blow Out of Shot Machines [***]) (< [8] Solvent to Flush Chamber of Shot Machines [***]) (< [B] Spent Solvent: Hot Water Recycled or Methylene Chloride Disposed) > Mould (< [7] Hydraulic Pressure to keep Mould closed for High Pressure Process). Mould Options: - Hydraulic or Electric Mould Transfer - Stationary Moulds with Moving Head - Continuous Moulding
Auxiliary Process - Once-Through and Closed-Loop Cooling Water Systems. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling Water, (D) Evaporation, (E) Used Cooling Water. A diagram appears as follows:
Once-Through Cooling Water System City or Well Water > (3) Cooling Water to Process and Auxiliary Equipment Discharge to Sewer (E) < Return From Process and Auxiliary Equipment Closed-Loop Cooling Water System Evaporation Loss [D] < Cooling Tower (< [1]) > Cooling Tower Tank > Pump (< [1]) > (from mid point along this process flow arrow, an arrow points down and then to a 90 degree angle to the right: Condenser, then continues right and then to a 90 degree angle upwards to the top of the diagram where the following appears: < Return Water from processes such as: - Barrel Cooling; - Hydraulic Cooling; - Air Compressor, then to a 90 degree angle to the left before pointing down to the Cooling Tower) > (3) Cool Water to: - Barrel Cooling; - Hydraulic Cooling; - Air Compressor. Condenser > Evaporator > Compressor (< [1]) > Condenser Evaporator > (3) Chilled Water to: - Moulds; - Barrel Cooling; - Chill Rollers; - Extrudate Heat Exchanger Evaporator < Pump (< [1]) < Chill Tank < Return from processes such as: - Moulds; - Barrels; - Chill Rollers; - Heat Exchangers
Auxiliary Processes - Closed-Loop "Free" Cooling Water System. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling Water, (D) Evaporation, (E) Used Cooling Water. A diagram appears as follows: Evaporation Loss (D) < Cooling Tower (< [1]) > Cooling Tower Tank > Pump (< [1]) (along this process arrow flows the following:
1. A broken arrow denoted by ------ points down and then to a 90 degree angle to the right and meets up with a broken arrow denoted by –-–-–- pointing down from the Evaporator. From this meeting point, a straight line arrow points to the far right of the diagram to (3); 2. A broken arrow denoted by ------ points down and then to a 90 degree angle to the right, then up at a 90 degree angle to the Evaporator. A solid line runs from before the last 90 degree angle to the right and ends at (1) > Compressor < Chill Tank (Return from Processes Such As: - Moulds, - Barrels, - Chill Rollers, - Heat Exchangers; 3. A broken arrow denoted by –-–-–- points down and then to a 90 degree angle to the right to the Condenser, then continues right and then to a 90 degree angle upwards to the top of the diagram where the following appears: < Return Water from processes such as: - Barrel Cooling; - Hydraulic Cooling; - Air Compressor. A solid line arrow points left at a 90 degree angle from this point before pointing down to the Cooling Tower; 4. A broken arrow denoted by –-–-–- points down from the Condenser and then points right to the Evaporator, then continues to the Compressor before returning upwards to the Condenser) > (3) Cool Water to: - Barrel Cooling; - Hydraulic Cooling; - Air Compressor. The following text appears below the diagram and above the legend: To use "free" cooling, the ambient temperature needs to be less than 13 degrees Celsius. The chiller portion of the cooling circuit is denoted by –-–-–- passed with lines denoted by ------ to provide the required cooking through the cooling tower.
Auxiliary Processes - Hydraulic Power and Thermal Oil Systems. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (2) Thermal Oil, (3) Cooling Water, (7) Hydraulic Power, (F) Oil Leaks. A diagram appears as follows:
Hydraulic Power System (Return Hydraulic Fluid from Service >) (Cooling Water [3] >) Heat Exchanger > Hydraulic Oil Tank (< Heater [1]) (> Hydraulic Oil Leaks From Entire System [F]) > High Pressure Hydraulic Pump (< [1]) > Pressurized Hydraulic Fluid to Mould Clamping, Conveying Systems, Motors and Rams (7). Thermal Oil System (Return Thermal Oil >) (Cooling Water - Only When Using Oil For Cooling [3] >) Heat Exchanger > Thermal Oil Tank (< Heater - Only when oil is used for heating [1]) (> Thermal Oil Leaks [F]) > Thermal Oil Circulation Pump (< [1]) > Thermal Oil-To-Heat Extruder Barrel or Compression Moulds; May also be used to cool Extruder Barrel (2).Auxiliary Processes - Compressed-Air and Pneumatic Material Handling Systems. The following legend appears at the bottom of the image. Resources Used and Discharges: (1) Electricity, (3) Cooling Water, (4) Natural Gas, (5) Compressed Air, (7) Hydraulic Power, (C) Condensate, (D) Dust. A diagram appears as follows: Compressed-Air System Air Intake > Air Compressor (< [1])(< [3]) > Air Receiver > Air Dryer (< [1])(> Condensate [C]) > Compressed Air to Plant and Process (5). Pneumatic Raw Material Handling System Incoming Material Containers > (Dust to Atmosphere [D] <) ([5] >) ([1] >) Dust Collector or Cyclone > Pneumatic Conveying System* (< [1]) > ([1] >) Mixing/Blending System** > Dryer** (< [1] Or [4]) > To Feed Hopper or Blending System. *Optional depending on the size of the operation **Not required for all materials